Hi all. Shelby here… Mom has been extra careful with us this week given the heat wave we are experiencing. As we were talking this morning and she was rubbing my sweet belly, I suggested she remind others of the danger of puppies and overexposure to the heat, and what to do in an emergency. It is important to know how heat can effect us puppies, especially those of us with squished little faces!!
Exposure to high temperatures can be very dangerous for us ShihTzu pups. Even my own big sister Porsche (oh, how I miss her!) experienced heat exhaustion when she was a puppy and if Mom hadn’t acted quickly Porsche would not have survived. Allowing us to have fun, but using moderation and protecting us from too much heat is important.
As a ShihTzu pup, we have trouble tolerating the heat. This is because we are what is called a brachycephalic breed. This is a big word that means we have a lower than normal jaw and a compressed upper jaw. It is the feature that makes us so cute, but can also lead to respiratory issues that are worse when it is hotter outside and can prevent us from “sweating” like those other dogs that have a longer snout.
There are a couple of different conditions that effect our breathing. One is called Tracheal stenosis, where are windpipe narrows in some places and when it is hot weather (or really cold) this condition can be more difficult to manage. We also have a longer soft palate. This is the area that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. Due to how squished our faces are, this can cause the soft palate to move into the throat, which can be worse when it is hot and is signaled with a snoring sound. We will sometimes here this more from our brothers. We also need to pay close attention to our older brother Tesla, as his vocal cords were crushed before he was rescued and we worry that this windpipe was also damaged making him more susceptible to breathing issues.
Some of us may also have another condition called Stenotic Nares or as it may more commonly be called, “pinched nostrils”. Because our faces are small and squished our nasal openings are also very small and while some of us will outgrow this, others of us will always experience this situation, which can also become worse when it is hot.
Mom said it is important to tell people that being outside in hot weather doesn’t cause any of these issues. But these issues when it is also hot outside means we can’t tolerate the stress of the heat or can lead to breathing issues. It can also mean that we aren’t able to pant as well as other pups, and this means we don’t cool down as effectively as other dogs. This is really important because being able to pant is the main way us pups cool down. When we can’t pant ‘normally’, we can struggle in the heat as we need to work harder to pull in the amount of air needed to cool, and this can lead to swelling and inflammation of the airway.
In addition to breathing and cooling issues, Mom said it is also important to remember that heat intolerance includes our paws on hot surfaces. Our paw pads are made of skin and because of this they can be sensitive to the heat and our little paws can be easily burned, which hurts. Avoiding paved surfaces on hot days becomes really important to keep our little feet from burning!
So what can our humans do to help protect us?
1) Keep us cool. It is fun to be outside, but limit our time outside when it is hot! Walk us when it is cooler. A good walk early in the morning and then maybe another in the evening is a good plan. Doing shorter and even a couple of walks is better for us when it is hot. Besides, I love a walk at night, because it will also help me sleep better.
2) It is best to keep the house no hotter than 76 degrees – using a combination of fans and an air conditioner can work best. If you lose heat, consider relocating to a place where the environment can be cooled. Keeping us from getting too hot in a house without cooling can be as dangerous as having us outside in the heat. And NEVER, EVER, take us and leave us in a car on these hot days. As much as we want to be with you, it is always better for us to stay home where we can be cool.
3) Be sure the shade and curtains are drawn during the hottest part of the day to try to keep the house no hotter than 76 degrees. If needed, consider using a cooling blanket to help keep us cool. Mom told me when my oldest brother, Beemer was just a pup she once used a big bag of peas for him to lie on to help keep him cool! We are thankful we have central air in our current home. But Mom still has a big bag of peas on hand just in case – and here I thought they were for treats!
4) Remember we can’t tell you if the ground is too hot – so please test this before taking us for a walk. Simply because the sun is going down doesn’t mean the ground still isn’t hot! Place your hand on the walking surface and if it is too hot for your hand, it is too hot for our little feet…
5) Consider keeping your pup in a “summer or puppy” cut – Mom keeps us in this cut year around, but we especially like this during the summer. We also love to have a wet bandana tied around our neck, as this helps keep us cool and I love to suck the water out of mine! I know – such a silly puppy!
6) Know the signs of puppy heat exhaustion and heat stroke, and act quickly to cool your puppy down and seek medical care immediately. Heat over exposure can be fatal in your puppy and good common sense can help keep your puppy safe.
Signs to Watch for if your Puppy experiences Heat Exhaustion or Heat Stroke!
A puppy experiencing heat overexposure does not need to have all of these symptoms. Having just one (1) of any of the following signs is a signal to stop activity, cool your pup down and seek medical help:
Initial Signs:
- Heavy Panting
- Excessive drooling
- Gums will be red
- Fast heart beat
- Acting dizzy and or disorientated, i.e. stumbling, having trouble walking, walking into walls, etc.
- Decreased urination
- Black stools
Later Signs as the Condition Progresses:
- Irregular heartbeat
- Pinpoint areas of blood that shows on the skin
- Vomiting (stomach contents and/or blood)
- Seizure
- Muscle tremor
- Body temperature above 103 F (39 C) Note: temperature should be taken with a canine rectal thermometer and normal temp is 100 F to 102.5 F (38 C to 39.2 C).
Symptoms Right Before Fatal Stage:
- Shock
- Cardiac arrest
- Kidney failure
- Inability to breathe
- Unconsciousness
Steps to Take to Help Your Pup:
1- If your pup is showing any signs of heat exposure bring your dog into the house or to a shady spot if you cannot reach the house
2- Begin immediately taking steps to cool your puppy down. Give the pup water (if they will drink) and if not, try to give them small sips of cool (not cold water) from a bottle. You will want to transport your pup, but it is important to first cool the pup down before you transport otherwise precious time can be lost.
3- If stopping activity, drinking fresh water and cooling down inside does not stop the succession of stroke, here is what to do:
- Soak down towels with cool water NOT cold (too cold can be a shock to the pup) and gently lay the towels all over the body.
- If outside, pour 3/4 of any water you have over your pup and call for help.
- With the wet towels in place, use fans to move air over your dog.
4- Continue working to cool down your pup and keep checking body temperature (rectally). Once the temp is below 103 F (39 C), it is time to carefully transport your pup to the veterinarian or closest animal hospital.
- If you don’t have a puppy thermometer in your house (but be sure you do!) then it is okay to proceed to transport your pup once you have taken the steps at cooling. Having help from someone to continue to keep your pup cooling is helpful.
The veterinarian will test your pup to make sure that there is no lasting damage from the heat episode. IV fluids may be given and an overnight stay or several days in the hospital may be needed.
Taking a balanced approach to helping your pup enjoy the day while following safe guidelines is what is important to allow your puppy to have fun and be safe.
Oh – and be sure to take precautions with your cat too! I know our Mom makes sure when it is hot that Miss Bentley stays inside with us as well!!
Material referenced: http://www.allshihtzu.com/shih-tzu-summer-care